TAWS – ang. Terrain Awareness and Warning System – urządzenie ostrzegające załogę przed niebezpiecznym zbliżaniem się do ziemi lub przeszkód znajdujących się na torze lotu.

Dane z TAWS

Następujące dane zostały odzyskane z pamięci TAWS przez specjalistów z Universal Avionics Systems Corporation (firmy, która to urządzenie wyprodukowała):


tableHolder

Surowe dane

Event # 34

Parameter Value Notes
• Alert Time (H:M:S) 06:40:03
• Alert ROC_CAUTION
• Alerts 0x00002000 The only active alert is ROC_CAUTION
• Present Position Latitude 54.826754 deg
• Present Position Longitude 32.125595 deg
• Airplane Altitude 1080.053887 ft
• Baro Altitude 1080.000000 ft
• Radio Altitude 1159.312500 ft
• Sink Rate -1440.873006 ft/min
• Closure Rate -398.302534 ft/min
• Groundspeed 177.750000 kts
• True Airspeed 161.687500 kts
• Indicated Airspeed 160.812500 kts
• Maneuver Distance 36.913326 ft Verified correct for current sink rate
• Pilot Reaction Distance 48.029102 ft Verified correct for current sink rate
• Track Rate 0.067435 deg/sec TAWS was using the straight alert envelope
• Terr Conflict Latitude 54.825680 deg Verified correct for the current position, altitude, track, groundspeed, EPU, ROC, maneuver distance, pilot reaction distance, and terrain database
• Terr Conflict Longitude 32.099149 deg
• Terr Conflict Elevation 754.593200 ft

Event # 35

Parameter Value Notes
• Alert Time (H:M:S) 06:40:29
• Alert ROC_CAUTION
• Alerts 0x00002000 The only active alert is ROC_CAUTION
• Present Position Latitude 54.825939 deg
• Present Position Longitude 32.091148 deg
• Airplane Altitude 1104.448535 ft
• Baro Altitude 1104.000000 ft
• Radio Altitude 699.250000 ft
• Sink Rate -1335.726030 ft/min
• Closure Rate -2335.895723 ft/min
• Groundspeed 157.625000 kts
• True Airspeed 148.500000 kts
• Indicated Airspeed 150.312500 kts
• Maneuver Distance 31.722437 ft Verified correct for current sink rate
• Pilot Reaction Distance 44.524202 ft Verified correct for current sink rate
• Track Rate -0.035022 deg/sec TAWS was using the straight alert envelope
• Terr Conflict Latitude 54.825430 deg Verified correct for the current position, altitude, track, groundspeed, EPU, ROC, maneuver distance, pilot reaction distance, and terrain database
• Terr Conflict Longitude 32.066094 deg
• Terr Conflict Elevation 813.648320 ft

Event # 36

Parameter Value Notes
• Alert Time (H:M:S) 06:40:36
• Alert ROC_WARNING
• Alerts 0x00000020 The only active alert is ROC_WARNING
• Present Position Latitude 54.825776 deg
• Present Position Longitude 32.082479 deg
• Airplane Altitude 933.464549 ft
• Baro Altitude 933.000000 ft
• Radio Altitude 425.562500 ft
• Sink Rate -1513.345078 ft/min
• Closure Rate -1606.621685 ft/min
• Groundspeed 156.125000 kts
• True Airspeed 149.000000 kts
• Indicated Airspeed 150.750000 kts
• Maneuver Distance 40.719994 ft Verified correct for current sink rate
• Pilot Reaction Distance 50.444838 ft Verified correct for current sink rate
• Track Rate 0.034652 deg/sec TAWS was using the straight alert envelope
• Terr Conflict Latitude 54.825639 deg Verified correct for the current position, altitude, track, groundspeed, EPU, ROC, maneuver distance, pilot reaction distance, and terrain database
• Terr Conflict Longitude 32.074702 deg
• Terr Conflict Elevation 754.593200 ft

Event # 37

Parameter Value Notes
• Alert Time (H:M:S) 06:40:43
• Alert TERRAIN_IMPACT_WARNING
• Alerts 0x00200040 There are two active alerts:
• TERRAIN_IMPACT_WARNING
• MODE_1_SINK_RATE
• Present Position Latitude 54.825543 deg
• Present Position Longitude 32.073911 deg
• Airplane Altitude 751.679206 ft
• Baro Altitude 752.000000 ft
• Radio Altitude 323.250000 ft
• Sink Rate -1505.013753 ft/min
• Closure Rate 187.173677 ft/min
• Groundspeed 154.750000 kts
• True Airspeed 144.312500 kts
• Indicated Airspeed 146.500000 kts
• Maneuver Distance 40.272882 ft Verified correct for current sink rate
• Pilot Reaction Distance 50.167127 ft Verified correct for current sink rate
• Track Rate -0.190988 deg/sec TAWS was using the straight alert envelope
• Terr Conflict Latitude 54.825701 deg Verified correct for the current position, altitude, track, groundspeed, EPU, ROC, maneuver distance, pilot reaction distance, and terrain database
• Terr Conflict Longitude 32.079091 deg
• Terr Conflict Elevation 754.593200 ft

Event #38 (Landing Event)

Parameter Value Notes
• Alert Record Type LANDING Air-to-ground transition
• Alert Date (M/D/Y) 04/10/2010
• Alert Time (H:M:S) 06:40:59
• Present Position Latitude 54.825022 deg
• Present Position Longitude 32.054838 deg
• Airplane Altitude 670.291288 ft
• Baro Altitude 671.000000 ft
• Radio Altitude 41.562500 ft
• Sink Rate 394.352188 ft/min
• Closure Rate 705.096987 ft/min
• Groundspeed 145.125000 kts
• True Airspeed 137.312500 kts
• Indicated Airspeed 139.437500 kts
• Flaps in Landing 1 Flaps in landing position
• Gear Down 1 Gear down
• On Ground 1 On ground
• 3.4.4 Fault

Proces odzyskiwania danych opisany został w dokumencie „TAWS Data Extraction for NTBS Identification: ENG10SA025” z 28 czerwca 2010 roku. Z tego dokumentu pochodzą też cytowane wyżej liczby. A sam dokument został upubliczniony w Załączniku nr 4 do „Protokołu badania” s.414–464 jako załącznik o numerze 4.9.4.